One of the first things Columbus did was rename the places they invaded. Guanahani becomes San Salvador, all soon becoming “New” World. Next thing you know a continent is full of lakes, rivers, mountains, parks, whole regions, named after violent white Christian men.
(One of the very next first things the Columbus crew did upon arriving in the Caribbean on the second voyage was kill black monk seals. Their blubber oil in time literally lubricated the plantation economy. The last sighting of these seals was 1952, and declared extinct in 2008.)
Colonization & genocide begins with distortion — distortion of orientation in time & space, of fact, of the basic interweave of life. Naming helps facilitate all this confusion & control — in the process de-animates a living world. Violence & oppression, being ashamed of itself, requires rebranding. Thus propaganda is necessary for world creation. It both justifies what’s been done and sets the tone for its continuation. So clear-cutting becomes “Healthy Forests” Initiative, murder of unarmed black by police becomes necessary ‘self-defense’, violent insurrection becomes ‘legitimate political discourse’. And thus landscapes carry the names of white men ‘discoverers’ and the devil.
I recently went into a Douglas fir- (named after a Scottish botanist) and redwood- (keehl in Yurok) forested hills, all ancestral Yurok lands, though now Green Diamond Logging Company believes they own all of it. (As evidenced by their intimidating signage, heavily locked gates, and a colonial legal paper fiction backed up by full violence of the State).
The land is heavily scarred from logging & mining. And one can feel it.
I went to an overlook called Devil’s Peak. (Rhetorical question: Why are there countless landscape features across the country named after the devil?)
From here I could see vast swathes of land, including down to the Pacific Ocean, as well as another prominent peak. On maps it is given a particularly obscene racist name, which I won’t use. Fortunately, through Yurok Tribe advocacy, it is being changed to pkwo’o-o-lo’’ue-merkw, which translates to Maple Peak. I was happily surprised that the navigation app on my phone reflected this change.
The area where I live was given the name of a German man, which was carved out of a larger ‘county’ named after a Christian 3-part deity, itself named because they didn’t know the land & mistakenly named the river after the Bay they thought it emptied into, itself ‘claimed’ for King Charles III of Spain, who never set foot on the land, nor felt its wild waters flowing over his regal skin.
My watershed is named after a rich settler during the gold rush, who built a still-standing structure at the center of town, used periodically as protection for white families because of ‘troubles’ between white settlers and indigenous.
All attempted erasures of original place names.
But just as erasure & cultures of death begin with naming, so too can the de-colonial journey & the emergence of cultures of life begin with naming — Naming what is, naming what happened, naming what might be. Resurrecting place names. Naming the context & stories we find ourselves in, & the ones our hearts are living into.
Where I live, a California state park named after a white settler who was also a murderer, has been changed to Sue-Meg, the name of a prominent rock near the site of a historic Yurok village.
All across the the continent, Turtle Island, indigenous place names are being resurrected and honored. Decolonial Atlas has just released a map, the fruit of 9 years of work, a collaborative endeavor involving hundreds of Indigenous elders and language-keepers across the continent to accurately document place names for major cities and historical sites. The Decolonized Turtle Island map, includes nearly 300 names are compiled here, representing about 150 languages.
In the toolbox of technologies, we can include both resurrecting original names the past is asking for & co-creating aligned novel grammars, symbols, images that the future may be calling into existence. And of course, these are part of the deeper process of decolonization including land back, re-matriation, undamming rivers, cultural revitalization, and sacred relationship repair.
All this must be part of the required repertoire as stepping stones across this grand River of the Great Turning.